Pregnancy is a generally a period filled with excitement, some anxiety and an abundance of physical changes. Amongst these changes, hair loss is a common concern that many women face during and post pregnancy. In this article we explore the link between pregnancy and hair loss including in miscarriage. We discuss the causes of hair fall out, best treatment options and tips to help you prevent hair loss during and post pregnancy.
Effect of Pregnancy on Hair
Pregnancy can have very noticeable and varying effects on the hair. During pregnancy, many women may actually experience an improvement in the condition of their hair. It may become thicker, shinier and more voluminous. This is usually due to increased oestrogen levels and blood circulation which prolong the growth phase and nourish the hair follicles. However, this is not a universal experience, and some women may find their hair becomes oilier or drier and thinner. Regardless of stage, hair fall out and other changes during and post pregnancy are usually temporary. In most cases, hair growth and condition return to normal within six to twelve months postpartum.
Causes of Pregnancy Associated Hair Fall Out
To understand hair loss during pregnancy, we need to get to grips with the normal hair growth cycle and how changes during pregnancy affect this. Normal hair exists in a cycle which divided into the growth (anagen), transition (catagen) and resting (telogen) phases. During the anagen phase, hair actively grows for a period that can last several years. This is followed by a brief catagen phase, which is a transitional period that lasts about two to three weeks. Finally, hair enters the telogen phase, where it rests before eventually falling out and being replaced by new growth. This phase typically lasts around three months. Hair fall out during pregnancy is driven by a number of causes. Below are the main causes of hair growth and loss during and post pregnancy:
- Hormonal Changes: During pregnancy, the body experiences significant hormonal fluctuations, particularly an increase in oestrogen levels. These elevated oestrogen levels extend the anagen phase, leading to reduced hair shedding and, as a result, thicker and fuller hair. However, after childbirth, the hormonal balance shifts dramatically. The sudden drop in oestrogen levels post-delivery causes a large number of hair follicles to enter the telogen phase simultaneously. This condition is known as telogen effluvium. The result is noticeable shedding of hair, typically peaking around three to four months postpartum. This can be alarming, but it is a normal response to the hormonal changes occurring in the body. It is also possible to experience hair shedding during pregnancy itself in the earlier stages where there maybe less oestrogen and more androgens.
- Nutritional Deficiencies: The increased nutrient demands of pregnancy and breastfeeding can lead to deficiencies in vital vitamins and minerals necessary for hair health, such as iron, zinc and vitamin D. These deficiencies can weaken hair follicles and contribute to hair loss.
- Stress and Emotional Changes: The physical and emotional stress of pregnancy and/or child birth can trigger telogen effluvium, a condition where more hairs than usual enter the resting phase and fall out.
- Medical Conditions: Diseases like thyroid imbalance and gestational diabetes are common during pregnancy and can contribute to hair loss by interrupting the hair growth cycle.
Stages of Hair Fall Out in Pregnancy
Hair loss can vary depending on the stage of pregnancy and when it occurs is key to understanding how to prevent and treat it. Here’s a breakdown of when hair loss can occur during pregnancy and its specific causes and symptoms:
- First Trimester (Weeks 1-12): During the first trimester, the body undergoes rapid hormonal changes as it adjusts to pregnancy. There may be increased hair shedding, noticeable clumps of hair in the shower or on your pillow. Hair loss at this stage is often related to the sudden surge of hormones. These can shock the system, leading to temporary hair shedding. Early pregnancy often comes with nausea and vomiting, which can also affect nutrient intake and cause deficiencies.
- Second Trimester (Weeks 13-26): The second trimester is often referred to as the “honeymoon period” of pregnancy, where many early symptoms subside and most people experience hair growth. However, hair loss can still occur. This usually presents as gradual hair thinning and more hair strands on your brush or comb. At this stage hair loss occurs if the hormone levels still haven’t stabilised. The baby’s rapid growth increases the demand for nutrients, potentially leading to deficiencies if not adequately addressed.
- Third Trimester (Weeks 27-40): In the final trimester, the body prepares for childbirth. This can impact hair health where there may be noticeable thinning and hair strands may break easily. There are a couple of reasons for this. Firstly, the baby’s growth peaks which places higher nutritional demands on the mother’s body. Additionally, the anticipation of birth and physical strain can cause stress-induced hair loss.
Hair Loss in Early Pregnancy Miscarriage
Sadly, hair loss in early pregnancy can also be due to miscarriage. This is due to the profound hormonal shifts that occur when a pregnancy is not viable. Miscarriage often leads to a sudden and significant drop in pregnancy hormones, particularly oestrogen and progesterone which can cause hair loss. This can abruptly push hair follicles into the telogen phase, resulting in sudden hair shedding and loss. Additionally, the stress and grief associated with miscarriage can further impact hair health. Although hair loss in early pregnancy by itself is not always due to miscarriage, it’s important to seek medical attention if you experience this, other problems or sudden loss of pregnancy symptoms.
Post Pregnancy Hair Fall Changes
Postpartum hair loss usually peaks around four months after childbirth and can continue for several months. It’s essential to be patient as your body readjusts. Post-pregnancy hair loss, commonly known as postpartum alopecia or telogen effluvium, is common. Although the amount may be alarming, it is normally temporary. It usually typically occurs around three months after delivery, peaks at four months then continues for several months after that. You see during pregnancy, elevated oestrogen levels prolong the growth phase of hair, resulting in less hair shedding and a thicker appearance. After childbirth, the body’s hormonal balance undergoes a significant shift to return to normal. In particular, there is a sharp decline in oestrogen levels. This pushes a substantial number of hair follicles enter the resting phase causing noticeable shedding. Most women find that their hair growth cycle normalises within six to twelve months after giving birth.
Treatment Options to Prevent Hair Loss During & Post Pregnancy
The difficulty in finding the right treatment to prevent and reverse hair loss during and postpartum is tricky. This is because some of the usual hair loss treatment options like minoxidil, finasteride or sprinolactone are not be safe in pregnancy or whilst breast feeding. As such managing and preventing hair loss during and post pregnancy involves a combination of dietary, lifestyle and hair care treatments. Here are some of the best known safe treatment approaches to help prevent and reduce hair loss during and post pregnancy:
- Consulting Healthcare Providers: Always discuss with your healthcare provider if you notice hair loss or changes. They can help determine if there are underlying causes contributing to the hair loss. As such, they can advise on safe and effective treatments based on your stage of pregnancy and all round medical profile.
- Diet and Nutrition: This is key as pregnancy places extra nutritional demand. Ensure that you keep well hydrated and eat a diet rich in essential vitamins and minerals. Look for foods that boost key nutrients like iron, zinc, vitamin D, Biotin and omega-3 fatty acids. Continuing prenatal vitamins post pregnancy can also support hair health and prevent loss during this common period where there may be excess shedding.
- Hair Care: Use sulphate-free shampoos and conditioners enriched with biotin or keratin to strengthen hair strands. Natural ingredients like coconut oil and aloe vera can improve scalp health and nourish the hair follicles. Also try to steer clear of harsh treatments like chemical dyes and heat styling to prevent further hair damage. Similarly loose protective hairstyles that do not pull on the hair will reduce the risk of traction alopecia. Finally, don’t forget to treat yourself to a regular scalp massages. This can help stimulate blood circulation to the hair follicles to promote growth.
- Lifestyle: Stress management is crucial (though not easy). Ensure you get enough sleep and practice self care. Try to engage in activities that promote relaxation and mental well-being, such as yoga, meditation, or simply taking time for yourself. Even small things like making time for a relaxing bath, taking a walk in the park or picking up a hobby can have huge gains.
- Mental Health: Don’t hesitate to seek professional help if hair loss is affecting your mental well-being. Connecting with others experiencing similar issues can also provide community and a support network.
The emotional fall out of hair loss during and after pregnancy can be significant. Hair is often tied to our identity and self-esteem so its loss can affect mental health particularly during an already stressful period. However, whilst distressing, its important to keep in mind that hair loss during and post pregnancy is natural and usually temporary. Understanding the causes will help you find the best approach to manage this condition. Safe and effective treatment requires an holistic approach centred around diet and lifestyle. Always consult with your healthcare provider if you notice hair loss to ensure there isn’t an underlying pregnancy associated medical problem or a sign of miscarriage. They will also help you find the safest and most effective treatment.
We understand that hair regrowth is a deeply personal journey. This is why we created personalised hair loss and regrowth treatments through our online skin clinic. Our doctors create custom hair loss treatments using actives such as Minoxidil, Spironolactone, Finasteride, Dutasteride and Tretinoin for each and every patient. We also treat skin concerns like acne, hyperpigmentation, melasma and signs of skin ageing with bespoke skincare treatments. Start your virtual consultation and begin your journey to great hair today.
