Traditional hair loss treatments like Minoxidil and Finasteride currently dominate but they aren’t suitable for everyone. There’s an ongoing drive in developing topical hair loss treatments to directly target the scalp whilst reducing systemic side effects. The mainstay has been off-label use of existing medications in compounded hair growth serums and foams. One such repurposed drug is Latanoprost which has shown some promise in treating hair loss and promoting regrowth. In this article we’ll explore the evidence behind the uses of topical Latanoprost for hair growth, side effects and alternatives.
What is Latanoprost?
Latanoprost is a topical prostaglandin F2-alpha analogue. To date its main use is to reduce intraocular pressure to treat patients withe eye disease glaucoma and ocular hypertension. It increases the outflow of aqueous humour in the eye, helping prevent vision loss due to high eye pressure. However, an interesting side effect caught researchers’ attention where they found this patients also experienced increased eyelash growth. Further studies on Latanoprost and similar compounds’ effect on hair eventually led to FDA-approval of Latisse eyelash serum. Research has since then been ongoing on wider uses of Latanoprost for hair loss. Several studies have shown promising potential for Latanoprost as a topical hair growth solution.
How Latanoprost Works for Hair Growth
Numerous studies suggest Latanoprost promotes hair growth not just of eyelashes but also on the scalp. The precise mechanisms by which latanoprost stimulates hair growth are still under investigation. The general thinking is that Latanoprost’s influence on hair follicles may stem from its action on prostaglandin receptors. When applied to the scalp or other hair-bearing areas, Latanoprost may prolong the anagen (growth) phase of the hair cycle. This can then result in thicker and longer hair over time.
The evidence suggests that Latanoprost topical solution can stimulate dormant hair follicles and help increase hair density in some people. Although the bulk of evidence comes from smaller studies, there are higher level trials showing Latanoprost can promote hair regrowth. So far it seems that Latanoprost works in some cases of hair loss. It seems particularly effective as an adjunct treatment for patients who have not had success with traditional treatments. Additionally, androgenetic alopecia (pattern baldness) appears to be the main type of hair loss that may respond to Latanoprost. In addition to being small in number, studies also largely compare Latanoprost against a placebo rather than other treatments. We need more data to establish exactly which types of hair loss and patients may benefit from Latanoprost and how it compares with existing treatments.
Risks & Side Effects
Although this is a common treatment, like all medications, Latanoprost still has some potential side effects. It is particularly important to be aware of these and potentially other unknown risks when using Latanoprost off-label for hair regrowth. Similarly, there is also little data so far on the long-term safety of Latanoprost for hair regrowth. As such we do not know the long-term side effects in unlicensed uses of Latanoprost. The potential risks we do know for using Latanoprost for hair loss include:
- Scalp redness, irritation itching and discomfort.
- Increase in hair growth on nearby areas if Latanoprost accidentally comes into contact with them such as the forehead or temples.
- Allergic reaction.
We also know that Latanoprost is not suitable for everyone. Certain individuals should exercise caution or avoid its use altogether including:
- Pregnant or breastfeeding women: There is no data on the safety of Latanoprost uses for hair loss during pregnancy or breastfeeding.
- Allergies to Prostaglandin Analogues: Those with known allergies to prostaglandins or similar compounds should avoid using latanoprost.
- Eye Conditions: If you have eye-related issues, such as conjunctivitis or uveitis, consult your doctor before using latanoprost, as it could make certain conditions worse.
Uses of Latanoprost in Hair Loss Treatments
Topical Latanoprost is only available in compound hair loss treatments as it does not have a license for this purpose at present. These are formulated individually for each patient by specialist compounding pharmacists based on their prescription. Its main use is in solution form to treat some cases of androgenetic alopecia usually when other treatments have failed. Latanoprost may be used alone or in combination with other hair loss treatments depending on what your healthcare provider deems is best for you.
Alternative Hair Loss Treatments
Whilst Latanoprost may be a promising treatment for hair regrowth, further studies are necessary to fully evaluate how effective it is and best way to use it. There are a number of longstanding hair loss treatments that may serve as a better alternative to Latanoprost for hair regrowth:
- Minoxidil: This is one of the oldest hair loss medications and you can get it as an over the counter hair foam or solution in concentrations up to 5%. Minoxidil is also available by prescription in higher strengths (often in combination with other hair growth ingredients) as a solution or in oral form. It works by improving blood flow and nutrient delivery to hair follicles.
- Finasteride & Other Hormone Blockers: Finasteride is a prescription only medication primarily used for male pattern baldness. It works by inhibiting the hormone dihydrotestosterone (DHT), which plays a significant role in hair loss. Other medicines which also tackle these androgen driven hair loss include Spironolactone, Dutasteride and Clascoterone.
- Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT): This is a non-invasive treatment that uses red light to stimulate cellular activity in the hair follicles. Although the scientific evidence supporting LLLT is mixed, some individuals report positive outcomes.
- Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) Therapy: PRP involves injecting a concentrated dose of the patient’s platelets directly into the scalp. The growth factors in platelets are believed to stimulate hair follicles and promote regrowth.
- Hair Transplant Surgery: This involves relocating hair follicles from one part of the scalp (usually the back) to balding or thinning areas. Whilst it may offer long-lasting results, hair transplant surgery is expensive and results may vary greatly.
Latanoprost holds promise as an innovative treatment for hair loss and hair regrowth. However, more research is needed to fully define its effectiveness in promoting hair growth comparing with existing treatments as well as identify its limitations and safety. At the moment it is available as an unlicensed treatment from specialist hair loss clinics where they may prescribe it in certain cases of hair loss. Iff you’re suffering from hair loss, it is important to first consult with a medical provider to establish the cause of it and so they can help you start on a treatment that takes into account your individual needs.