Traditional hair loss treatments like minoxidil and finasteride currently dominate, but they aren’t suitable for everyone. There’s an ongoing drive to develop topical hair loss treatments that directly target the scalp whilst reducing systemic side effects. The mainstay has been off-label use of existing medications in compounded hair growth serums and foams. One such repurposed drug is latanoprost, which has shown some promise in treating hair loss and promoting regrowth. In this article, we’ll explore the evidence behind topical latanoprost for hair growth, its side effects and the alternatives.
What is Latanoprost?
Latanoprost is a topical prostaglandin F2-alpha analogue. To date, its main use is to reduce intraocular pressure in patients with the eye disease glaucoma, and in ocular hypertension. It increases the outflow of aqueous humour in the eye, helping prevent vision loss due to high eye pressure. However, an interesting side effect caught researchers’ attention, as these patients also experienced increased eyelash growth. Further studies on latanoprost and similar compounds eventually led to FDA approval of the Latisse eyelash serum. Research has since been ongoing into wider uses of latanoprost for hair loss. Several studies have shown promising potential for latanoprost as a topical hair growth solution.
How Latanoprost Works for Hair Growth
Numerous studies suggest latanoprost promotes hair growth, not just of eyelashes but also on the scalp. The precise mechanisms by which it stimulates hair growth are still under investigation. The general thinking is that latanoprost’s influence on hair follicles may stem from its action on prostaglandin receptors. When applied to the scalp or other hair-bearing areas, latanoprost may prolong the anagen (growth) phase of the hair cycle. This can then result in thicker and longer hair over time.
The evidence suggests that topical latanoprost can stimulate dormant hair follicles and increase hair density in some people. Although the bulk of evidence comes from smaller studies, there are higher-level trials showing latanoprost can promote hair regrowth. So far, it seems to work in some cases of hair loss. It appears particularly effective as an adjunct treatment for people who have not had success with traditional treatments. Additionally, androgenetic alopecia (pattern baldness) appears to be the main type of hair loss that may respond to latanoprost. As well as being small in number, studies also largely compare latanoprost against a placebo rather than other treatments. We need more data to establish which patients benefit most, and how latanoprost compares with existing treatments.
Risks & Side Effects
Although latanoprost is a common treatment, like all medications it still has some potential side effects. It is particularly important to be aware of these, and of other unknown risks, when using latanoprost off-label. There is also little data so far on its long-term safety for hair regrowth. As such, we do not know the long-term side effects in unlicensed uses of latanoprost. The potential risks we do know for using latanoprost for hair loss include the following:
- Scalp redness, irritation, itching and discomfort.
- An increase in hair growth on nearby areas if latanoprost accidentally comes into contact with them, such as the forehead or temples.
- Allergic reaction.
We also know that latanoprost is not suitable for everyone. Certain people should exercise caution or avoid its use altogether, including the following:
- Pregnant or breastfeeding women: there is no data on the safety of latanoprost for hair loss during pregnancy or breastfeeding.
- Allergies to prostaglandin analogues: those with known allergies to prostaglandins or similar compounds should avoid using latanoprost.
- Eye conditions: if you have eye-related issues, such as conjunctivitis or uveitis, consult your doctor before using latanoprost, as it could make certain conditions worse.
Uses of Latanoprost in Hair Loss Treatments
Topical latanoprost is only available in compounded hair loss treatments, as it does not have a licence for this purpose at present. These are formulated individually for each patient by specialist compounding pharmacists, based on their prescription. Its main use is in solution form to treat some cases of androgenetic alopecia, usually when other treatments have failed. Latanoprost may be used alone or with other hair loss treatments, depending on what your healthcare provider deems best.
Alternative Hair Loss Treatments
Latanoprost may be a promising treatment for hair regrowth. However, further studies are necessary to fully evaluate how effective it is and the best way to use it. There are a number of longstanding hair loss treatments that may serve as a better alternative to latanoprost:
- Minoxidil: this is one of the oldest hair loss medications, and you can get it as an over-the-counter foam or solution in concentrations up to 5%. Minoxidil is also available by prescription in higher strengths (often combined with other hair growth ingredients), as a solution or in oral form. It works by improving blood flow and nutrient delivery to the hair follicles.
- Finasteride and other hormone blockers: finasteride is a prescription-only medication primarily used for male pattern baldness. It works by inhibiting the hormone dihydrotestosterone (DHT), which plays a significant role in hair loss. Other medicines that also tackle this androgen-driven hair loss include spironolactone, dutasteride and clascoterone.
- Low-level laser therapy (LLLT): this is a non-invasive treatment that uses red light to stimulate cellular activity in the hair follicles. Although the scientific evidence supporting LLLT is mixed, some people report positive outcomes.
- Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy: PRP involves injecting a concentrated dose of the patient’s own platelets directly into the scalp. The growth factors in platelets are believed to stimulate hair follicles and promote regrowth.
- Hair transplant surgery: this involves relocating hair follicles from one part of the scalp (usually the back) to balding or thinning areas. Whilst it may offer long-lasting results, hair transplant surgery is expensive and results may vary greatly.
Latanoprost holds promise as an innovative treatment for hair loss and regrowth. However, we need more research to define how effective it is in comparison with with existing treatments. We also need to identify its limitations and safety. At the moment, it is available as an unlicensed treatment from specialist hair loss clinics, where they may prescribe it in certain cases. If you’re suffering from hair loss, it is important to first consult a medical provider to establish the cause. They can then help you start a treatment that takes your individual needs into account.
At City Skin Clinic, we understand that hair loss is a deeply personal journey. This is why our doctors create personalised hair loss treatments for women and men through our online clinic. We use actives like minoxidil, finasteride, dutasteride and spironolactone where appropriate, in bespoke compounded treatments designed around you. To start your personalised plan, book a virtual video consultation or use our online consultation form. The journey towards great skin and hair starts here.
This article is intended for general informational purposes only and is not a substitute for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always consult a qualified medical provider for any health concerns or questions you might have.
